“This was the first clinical trial of 24-weeks duration to show improvement of joint pain in athletes who were treated with the dietary supplement collagen hydrolysate. The results of this study have implications for the use of collagen hydrolysate to support joint health and possibly reduce the risk of joint deterioration in a high-risk group. Despite the study's size and limitations, the results suggest that athletes consuming collagen hydrolysate can reduce parameters (such as pain) that have a negative impact on athletic performance.” 24-Week study on the use of collagen hydrolysate as a dietary supplement in athletes with activity-related joint pain - PubMed (nih.gov)

“This study suggests that collagen hydrolysate 1200 mg/day could increase the number of clinical responders (i.e. improvement of at least 20% on the VAS) compared to placebo.” Effect of collagen hydrolysate in articular pain: a 6-month randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study - PubMed (nih.gov)

“Collagen hydrolysate is of interest as a therapeutic agent of potential utility in the treatment of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. Its high level of safety makes it attractive as an agent for long-term use in these chronic disorders.” Role of collagen hydrolysate in bone and joint disease - PubMed (nih.gov)

“A growing body of evidence provides a rationale for the use of collagen hydrolysate for patients with OA. It is hoped that ongoing and future research will clarify how collagen hydrolysate provides its clinical effects and determine which populations are most appropriate for treatment with this supplement.” Collagen hydrolysate for the treatment of osteoarthritis and other joint disorders: a review of the literature - PubMed (nih.gov)

“Proteins are important for bone by providing building blocks and by exerting specific regulatory function. This is why adequate protein intake plays a considerable role in both bone development and bone maintenance. More specifically, since an increase in the overall metabolism of collagen can lead to severe dysfunctions and a more fragile bone matrix and because orally administered collagen can be digested in the gut, cross the intestinal barrier, enter the circulation, and become available for metabolic processes in the target tissues, one may speculate that a collagen-enriched diet provides benefits for the skeleton.” Biological effect of hydrolyzed collagen on bone metabolism: Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition: Vol 57, No 9 (tandfonline.com)

“Conclusions and Relevance: Preliminary results are promising for the short and long-term use of oral collagen supplements for wound healing and skin aging. Oral collagen supplements also increase skin elasticity, hydration, and dermal collagen density. Collagen supplementation is generally safe with no reported adverse events.” Oral Collagen Supplementation: A Systematic Review of Dermatological Applications - PubMed (nih.gov)

“This randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial confirmed that skin aging could be addressed using nutrients that are able to restore skin hydration, elasticity, and density. Objective dermatological measurements, such as cutometry and corneometry, have proven that oral collagen peptides together with other dermonutrients significantly improve skin hydration, elasticity, roughness, and density after three months of intake. These tests thus verify the results obtained in previous trials. Moreover, and in line with the objective measurements, the study participants, in their subjective assessments, concluded that their skin appearance had significantly improved.” Note: The test product contained 2.5 g collagen peptides, 80 mg vitamin C, 3 mg zinc, and 50 mcg biotin. Per serving, our product contains 9 g collagen peptides, 100 mg vitamin C, 5 mg zinc, 1000 mcg biotin, and 100 mg silica. A Collagen Supplement Improves Skin Hydration, Elasticity, Roughness, and Density: Results of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Blind Study - PMC (nih.gov)

“Collagens are a diverse family of ubiquitous proteins with a wide range of cellular and extracellular functions, supporting cell signaling, proliferation, differentiation, and structural integrity of connective tissues. As the main protein found in the extracellular matrix of skin and bone, Type I collagen represents the most abundant collagen found in the body. Collagen fibres can persist in skin for years but are subject to cumulative damage over a lifetime. The loss of function seen with both chrono-ageing and photo-ageing has led to a multitude of strategies to repair and replace collagen, prevent damage to collagen, provide vitamins and minerals to support biochemical and physiological manipulation of collagen turnover, and optimize interactions with other essential components of the ECM, such as elastin and GAGs. Cosmetic surgery and topical interventions are important strategies in the fight against the visible signs of ageing, especially in cases where visible results are required in a short period of time. In the long term, anti-ageing benefits can be enhanced by the addition of expertly crafted nutricosmeceutical supplements, with the overall aim to rejuvenate ageing or damaged skin, improve skin integrity, appearance, beauty, and support personal wellbeing and vitality.” Skin collagen through the lifestages: importance for skin health and beauty (parjournal.net)

“In the meta-analysis, a grouped analysis of studies showed favorable results of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation compared with placebo in terms of skin hydration, elasticity, and wrinkles. The findings of improved hydration and elasticity were also confirmed in the subgroup meta-analysis. Based on results, ingestion of hydrolyzed collagen for 90 days is effective in reducing skin aging, as it reduces wrinkles and improves skin elasticity and hydration.” Effects of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation on skin aging: a systematic review and meta‐analysis - Miranda - 2021 - International Journal of Dermatology - Wiley Online Library

“This study demonstrated that the use of the collagen hydrolysate with a higher content of Pro-Hyp and Hyp-Gly led to more improvement in facial skin conditions, including facial skin moisture, elasticity, wrinkles and roughness.” Ingestion of bioactive collagen hydrolysates enhance facial skin moisture and elasticity and reduce facial ageing signs in a randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled clinical study - Inoue - 2016 - Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture - Wiley Online Library

“The results of this study demonstrate that glycine dose dependently reduced the gastric secretions in rats. Pretreatment with glycine significantly protected animals against stress-, indomethacin- and necrotizing agents induced gastric lesions. The antiulcer activity of glycine was associated with significant inhibition of ethanol-induced depletion of nonprotein sulfhydryls and gastric wall mucus. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that glycine possesses significant antiulcer and cytoprotective activity.” Studies on the antisecretory, gastric anti-ulcer and cytoprotective properties of glycine - PubMed (nih.gov)

“The types of collagen produced by human intestinal smooth muscle cells in culture were the same as those collagens extracted from strictured human bowel (types I, III, and V). These findings suggest that collagen production by human intestinal smooth muscle cells has a role in the repair as well as the fibrosis of the gastrointestinal tract.” Collagen synthesis by human intestinal smooth muscle cells in culture - PubMed (nih.gov)

“These findings suggest that dietary addition of 2% L-glutamate improves the intestinal integrity and influences the expression of amino acid receptors and transporters in the jejunum of weaning, which is beneficial for the improvement of jejunal nutrients for digestion and absorption.” L-Glutamate supplementation improves small intestinal architecture and enhances the expressions of jejunal mucosa amino acid receptors and transporters in weaning piglets - PubMed (nih.gov)

“Conclusions: Serum concentrations of laminin are increased, whereas serum concentrations of collagen are decreased, in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. They may be useful surrogate markers for sustained inflammation and tissue remodeling.”Serum laminin and collagen IV in inflammatory bowel disease - PubMed (nih.gov)

“Thus, collagen peptides may attenuate TNF-α induced barrier dysfunction of Caco-2 cells by inhibiting the NFκB and ERK1/2-mediated MLCK pathway with associated decreases in ZO-1 and occludin protein expression.” Collagen peptides ameliorate intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction in immunostimulatory Caco-2 cell monolayers via enhancing tight junctions - Food & Function (RSC Publishing)

“Our data demonstrate that compared with placebo, collagen peptide supplementation in combination with resistance training further improved body composition by increasing FFM, muscle strength and the loss in FM.” Collagen peptide supplementation in combination with resistance training improves body composition and increases muscle strength in elderly sarcopenic men: a randomised controlled trial - PubMed (nih.gov)

“Following RET and CP supplementation, FFM increased, while BFM remained unchanged. The changes in muscle strength did not show significant differences between RET combined with CP supplementation and RET only. However, there was a tendency for a more pronounced enhancement in one strength test in COL. In addition to the subject collective, one of the novelties of this study is the use of biopsies. As fCSA did not differ significantly between the groups, we assume that the increase in FFM after CP supplementation was not only associated with hypertrophy of contractile muscle cells but might also be caused by a higher increase in connective tissue compared with placebo-controlled subjects.” Prolonged Collagen Peptide Supplementation and Resistance Exercise Training Affects Body Composition in Recreationally Active Men - PMC (nih.gov)

“The expression “Beauty Vitamins” has been applied to several vitamins, but the importance of Vitamin C to skin is unique in that ascorbic acid can act as a co-factor to several enzymes in the production of collagen, in addition to its role as an antioxidant in protecting against free radical damage. The importance of vitamin C in the production of functional collagen fibres has been shown to be dependent on its use as a cofactor in hydroxylation of proline residues in procollagen (which stabilizes the triple helix structure) and lysine residues (which are used to cross-link fibres imparting structural rigidity and stability).”Skin collagen through the lifestages: importance for skin health and beauty (parjournal.net)

“Accumulating evidence over the last 30 years strongly suggest that dietary silicon is beneficial to bone and connective tissue health and we recently reported strong positive associations between dietary Si intake and bone mineral density in US and UK cohorts. The exact biological role(s) of silicon in bone health is still not clear, although a number of possible mechanisms have been suggested, including the synthesis of collagen and/or its stabilization, and matrix mineralization.” Silicon and bone health - PubMed (nih.gov)

“Convincing evidence that silicon is a bioactive beneficial trace element continues to accumulate. The evidence, which has come from human, animal, and in vitro studies performed by several laboratories, indicate that silicon in nutritional and supra nutritional amounts promotes bone and connective tissue health, may have a modulating effect on the immune or inflammatory response, and has been associated with mental health. A plausible mechanism of action for the beneficial effects of silicon is the binding of hydroxyl groups of polyols such that it influences the formation and/or utilization of glycosaminoglycans, mucopolysaccharides, and collagen in connective tissue and bone.” Update on the possible nutritional importance of silicon - PubMed (nih.gov)

“We recently reported that glycine ingestion before bedtime significantly ameliorated subjective sleep quality in individuals with insomniac tendencies. Oral administration of glycine to rats was found to induce a significant increase in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid glycine concentrations and a significant decrease in the core body temperature associated with an increase in cutaneous blood flow. The decline in the core body temperature might be a mechanism underlying glycine's effect on sleep, as the onset of sleep is known to involve a decrease in the core body temperature.”New therapeutic strategy for amino acid medicine: glycine improves the quality of sleep - PubMed (nih.gov)